[93], The Baykalsk Pulp and Paper Mill was constructed in 1966, directly on the shoreline of Lake Baikal. Since the 1970s, scientists had suspected the presence of a large mass of trapped fresh water underneath the ice at the site, but it wasn’t until 1996 that British and Russian researchers were able to provide exact measurements by using ice-penetrating radar. [53] Among the "giants" are several species of spiny Acanthogammarus and Brachyuropus (Acanthogammaridae) found at both shallow and deep depths. [30] After the surface ice breaks up, the surface water is slowly warmed up by the sun, and in May–June, the upper 300 m (980 ft) or so becomes homothermic (same temperature throughout) at around 4 °C (39 °F) because of water mixing. The lake is surrounded by mountains; the Baikal Mountains on the north shore, the Barguzin Range on the northeastern shore, and the taiga are protected as a national park. baicalensis. The harsh northern climate means that the area is very sparsely populated (Yellowknife is the largest city in the Northwest Territories but has fewer than 20,000 inhabitants). But modern commercial fishing practices, introduced in the 1950s, have contributed to the problem of overfishing in recent decades. Like other lakes on this list, Baikal is home to a large number of animal and plant species that cannot be found anywhere else. There are many deep lakes in the world. Krainov, J.W. It is also the deepest lake on Karanovic, I.; and T.Y. [25] Baikal is rich in oxygen, even in deep sections,[25] which separates it from distinctly stratified bodies of water such as Lake Tanganyika and the Black Sea. Commercial fishing and tourism to the Caspian shore play a vital role in the economies of the surrounding countries. [95][96] In March 2009, the plant owner announced the paper mill would never reopen. It is the largest known subglacial lake. The Great Slave Lake, in Canada’s Northwest Territories, is named after a group of Athabascan-speaking Indians called the Slave or Slavey. In the past, the Baikal was referred to by many Russians as the "Baikal Sea" (море Байкал, More Baikal), rather than merely "Lake Baikal" (озеро Байкал, Ozero Baikal). Baikal has a number of different tourist activities, depending on the season. Lakes ranked by maximum depth. It was done first by following the Angara River upstream from Yeniseysk (founded 1619) and later by moving south from the Lena River. The first Russian explorer to reach Lake Baikal was Kurbat Ivanov in 1643. They recorded that the lake was a "huge sea" (hanhai) and designated it the North Sea (Běihǎi) of the semimythical Four Seas. Issyk Kul is the second largest saline lake in the world after the Caspian Sea. [citation needed] That is why this season is popular for hiking, ice-walking, ice-skating, and bicycle-riding. [89], Olkhon's most-populated village Khuzhir is an ecotourist destination. [18][19] Longer and deeper sediment cores are expected in the near future. Baikal is home to thousands of species of plants and animals, many of them endemic to the region. [25][32] More than 80% of the animals are endemic. Martens; Schön; Meisch; and Horne (2008). [5][6] With 23,615.39 km3 (5,670 cu mi) of fresh water,[1] it contains more water than all of the North American Great Lakes combined. [90] Baikal has always been popular in Russia and CIS-countries, but for the last few years[when?] Their primitive sounding device … [52][54], Similar to another ancient lake, Tanganyika, Baikal is a center for ostracod diversity. [34] Except for Ulothrix, there are endemic Baikal species in all these green algae genera. In 2015, the ice road to Olkhon was open from 17 February to 23 March. Environmental activists in Russia,[103] Greenpeace, Baikal pipeline opposition[104] and local citizens[105] were strongly opposed to these plans, due to the possibility of an accidental oil spill that might cause significant damage to the environment. [63] A smaller number of other freshwater annelids is known: 30 species of leeches (Hirudinea),[64] and 4 polychaetes. Large quantities of oil and natural gas are also extracted from the Caspian seabed via offshore rigs. ; and N.M. Pronin (2013). The lake’s great depth and the archaeological richness of the area have stimulated researchers’ and treasure hunters’ curiosity; from time to time, expeditions are launched in hopes of finding a “Kyrgyz Atlantis”—ancient ruins that supposedly lie in deeper areas of the lake. According to the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, in 2013, 79,179 foreign tourists visited Irkutsk and Lake Baikal; in 2014, 146,937 visitors. Lake Matano (Danau Matano in Bahasa Indonesia) also known as Matana Lake; is the deepest lake in Indonesia and the number 10 deepest lake in the world. [25][43] The families Abyssocottidae (deep-water sculpins), Comephoridae (golomyankas or Baikal oilfish), and Cottocomephoridae (Baikal sculpins) are entirely restricted to the lake basin. [17] In geological terms, the rift is young and active – it widens about 2 cm (0.8 in) per year. [46] Beyond members of Cottoidea, there are few endemic fish species in the lake basin. This activity is most popular on Buryatia side of Baikal (Ust-Barguzin). Also known as the “blue eye of Siberia”, Lake Baikal is located in Southern Siberia the Russo-Mongolian border. [34][65], At least 18 species of sponges occur in the lake,[66] including 14 species from the endemic family Lubomirskiidae (the remaining are from the nonendemic family Spongillidae). His men soon began plundering both Russians and natives. An early known tribe in the area was the Kurykans. Generally, Baikal has two top tourist seasons. Deep lakes hold a special place in the human imagination. The lake gets its characteristic milky turquoise color from the high concentration of rock flour suspended in the water from the glacier. Later that year on 13 January 2010, Russian Federation President Vladimir Putin introduced changes in the legislation legalising the operation of the plant; this action brought about a wave of protests from ecologists and local residents. [63] Several hundred species of nematodes are known from the lake, but a large percentage of these are undescribed. [28] On average, the ice reaches a thickness of 0.5 to 1.4 m (1.6–4.6 ft),[29] but in some places with hummocks, it can be more than 2 m (6.6 ft). Together, these winds cause waves as high as 6 meters. [76], Vikhor Savin (1624) and Maksim Perfilyev (1626 and 1627–28) explored Tungus country on the lower Angara. INTAS Project 99-1669. There are many deep lakes in the world. Crater Lake is the deepest lake in the United States and is officially 1,949 feet in depth. That is extremely deep, but it isn’t the deepest. [30], Stormy weather on the lake is common, especially during the summer and fall, and can result in waves as high as 4.5 m (15 ft). Lake Baikal is the worlds oldest and deepest lake with a depth of 5,336 feet deep. In the Lake Homes market footprint, Lake Superior ranks the deepest at 1,333 feet. Muscat: Laila Al Habsi, a geologist working in the mining industry in Oman, is the first Arab woman to dive in the Lake Baikal, considered the deepest and oldest lake in the world. During the winter and spring, the surface freezes for about 4–5 months; from early January to early May–June (latest in the north), the lake surface is covered in ice. Noah Tesch was Associate Editor for Encyclopædia Britannica. The lake has so much volume to it that it is also recognized as the worlds most voluminous lake, it truly holds over 20% of the worlds total unfrozen freshwater. A breakthrough came in 2012, though, when a team of researchers successfully drilled all the way to the surface of the lake. Located in a sparsely populated area of the Patagonian Andes, this lake—called O’Higgins in Chile and San Martín in Argentina—is probably the least known of the lakes on the list. The bottom of the lake is 1,186.5 m (3,893 ft) below sea level, but below this lies some 7 km (4.3 mi) of sediment, placing the rift floor some 8–11 km (5.0–6.8 mi) below the surface, the deepest co… To this day, the strait between the western shore of the Lake and the Olkhon Island is called Maloye More (Малое море), i.e. They are also endemic to the Lake Baikal basin. The thickness of the ice on the road is about 60 cm (24 in), maximum capacity allowed – 10 t (9.8 long tons; 11 short tons); it is open to the public from 9 am to 6 pm. [citation needed], The Trans-Siberian Railway was built between 1896 and 1902. The Soviet scientists felt that it was irrational to change Lake Baikal's water quality by beginning paper production on the shore. Lake Baikal: Baikal is the world's deepest lake. The lake served as an important stopping point on the Silk Road, and medieval settlements have been discovered in the shallow areas of the lake from times when the water level was lower. This made it difficult for other Russians to enter the area. Lake Baikal, located in southern Siberia, is the largest source of freshwater on Earth, containing 23% of the world’s freshwater. Russians first heard of the Buryats in 1609 at Tomsk. [25] It is caught, smoked, and then sold widely in markets around the lake. Lake Baikal is also the world's largest freshwater lake in terms of volume. What's the Difference Between a Solstice and an Equinox? To the west, Krasnoyarsk on the upper Yenisei was founded in 1627. One of the most remarkable is the Baikal seal (also called the nerpa), the only species of seal in the world to live exclusively in a freshwater habitat. [65] Most of the flatworms are predatory, and some are relatively brightly marked. It was formed 25 million years ago through the planet’s diverging crust. 1,332. Search Results. Lake Baikal, in Siberia, holds the distinction of being both the deepest lake in the world and the largest freshwater lake, holding more than 20% of the unfrozen fresh water on the surface of Earth. [98] These changes were based on the determination President Putin made through a visual verification of Lake Baikal's condition from a miniature submarine, "I could see with my own eyes – and scientists can confirm – Baikal is in good condition and there is practically no pollution". [citation needed], In 1638, Perfilyev crossed from the Angara over the Ilim portage to the Lena River and went downstream as far as Olyokminsk. [117] In 1641, Verkholensk was founded on the upper Lena. Kaygorodova, I.A. Lake Baikal is a popular destination among tourists from all over the world. The World's Deepest Lakes At 1,943 feet (592 meters), Crater Lake is the deepest lake in the United States and one of the deepest in the world. Issyk Kul is the second largest saline lake in the world after the Caspian Sea. Rosatom plans to build a laboratory near Baikal, in conjunction with an international uranium plant and to invest $2.5 billion in the region and create 2,000 jobs in the city of Angarsk.[85]. [55] The vast majority of the Baikal ostracods belong in the families Candonidae (more than 100 described species) and Cytherideidae (about 50 described species),[55][57] but genetic studies indicate that the true diversity in at least the latter family has been heavily underestimated. The ice itself has a transparency of one meter depth, having different patterns of crevasses, bubbles, and sounds. It also provides access to small islands like Ogoy Island and Zamogoy. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. [58] The morphology of the Baikal ostracods is highly diverse. The lake straddles the borders of Tanzania, Burundi, Congo DR, and Zambia. Its … It is drained through a single outlet, the Angara. In 1653, Pyotr Beketov took Kolesnikov's route to Lake Irgen west of Chita, and that winter his man Urasov founded Nerchinsk. Until recently, biological activity in the lake had been a mystery, since there had been no way to collect samples or place sensors beneath the ice. Although we love our country’s lakes, today, we appreciate the five deepest lakes across the globe. The lake is divided into three basins: North, Central, and South, with depths about 900 m (3,000 ft), 1,600 m (5,200 ft), and 1,400 m (4,600 ft), respectively. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is the deepest lake in the world, at 1,642 metres. Lake Baikal is the worlds oldest and deepest lake with a depth of 5,336 feet deep. ; Kamaltynov, R.M. [7] With a maximum depth of 1,642 m (5,387 ft),[1] Baikal is the world's deepest lake. Critics and environmentalists argued it would be a disaster for the region and are urging the government to reconsider. In addition, transverse winds blow locally and over shorter distances. The Caspian Sea is also 1,025 metres deep, making it the third deepest lake in the world. [82], Since 1993, neutrino research has been conducted at the Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino Telescope (BDUNT). Like Lake Nyasa, it is a relatively long and narrow lake with extraordinary biodiversity. According to folktales related a century after the fact, in 1623, Demid Pyanda, who may have been the first Russian to reach the Lena, crossed from the upper Lena to the Angara and arrived at Yeniseysk. [72] The Kurykans, a Siberian tribe who inhabited the area in the sixth century, gave it a name that translates to "much water". At 5,387 feet (1,642 meters) deep and with a surface area of 12,248 square miles (31,722 square kilometers) it is the deepest lake in the world and the seventh largest by surface area. Yellowknife, the capital of the Northwest Territories, lies on the lake’s northern shore. Crater Lake is the deepest lake in the United States and is officially 1,949 feet in depth. It is an estimated 5,387 feet deep (1,642 meters), and its bottom is approximately 3,893 feet (1,187 meters) below sea level. Visitors to the lake are struck by the lake’s unusually deep blue color, which is due to the lake’s depth and the clarity of the water, which holds very little sediment because it mostly comes from rainfall. Spring ice melt underway on Lake Baikal, on 4 May: Notice the ice-covered north, while much of the south is already ice-free. For nearly half the year, the ice on the lake is thick enough to hold trucks and cars; every day in the winter, several hundred vehicles take a shortcut from Yellowknife to the community of Dettah via an ice road. Lake Baikal also happens to be around 25 million years old, making it the world’s oldest lake. The incredible average depth is around 2,442 feet deep. [10], Russian map circa 1700, Baikal (not to scale) is at top, Steam locomotive on the Circum-Baikal Railroad, Angara [ru] was launched in 1900 and is one of the oldest surviving icebreakers, Several organizations are carrying out natural research projects on Lake Baikal. [54] These conspicuous and common amphipods are essentially carnivores (will also take detritus), and can reach a body length up to 7 cm (2.8 in). Lake Baikal also happens to be around 25 million years old, making it the world’s oldest lake. Until its completion, a train ferry transported railcars across the lake from Port Baikal to Mysovaya for a number of years. The Baikal seal or nerpa (Pusa sibirica) is found throughout Lake Baikal. Returning, he sailed up the Vitim River into the area east of Lake Baikal (1640) where he heard reports of the Amur country. The lake is fed by as many as 330 inflowing rivers. Beginning in 1956, the impounding of the Irkutsk Dam on the Angara River raised the level of the lake by 1.4 m (4.6 ft). Kravchinsky, V.A., M.E. [59] All endemics have been recorded between 20 and 30 m (66 and 98 ft), but the majority mainly live at shallower depths. At 5,387 feet (1,642 meters) deep and with a surface area of 12,248 square miles (31,722 square kilometers) it is the deepest lake in the world and the seventh largest by surface area. [12] At some locations, hydrothermal vents with water that is about 50 °C (122 °F) have been found. [91], Lake Baikal faces a series of detrimental phenomena including the disappearance of the omul fish, the rapid growth of putrid algae and the death of endemic species of sponges across its area. [97] However, on 4 January 2010, production was resumed. The goal was to export 190 million liters of water to China even though the lake had been experiencing historically low water levels. [113], According to The Moscow Times and Vice, an increasing number of an invasive species of algae thrives in the lake from hundreds of tons of liquid waste, including fuel and excrement, regularly disposed into the lake by tourist sites, and up to 25,000 tons of liquid waste are disposed of every year by local ships. [59] About 30 freshwater snail species can be seen deeper than 100 m (330 ft), which represents the approximate limit of the sunlight zone, but only 10 are truly deepwater species. The ice road to Olkhon Island is the only legal ice road on Lake Baikal. Paradina; Kulikova; Suturin; and Saibatalova (2003). How the seals’ ancestors arrived in Lake Baikal remains a mystery, since the lake lies hundreds of miles inland. Because its length, depth, and temperature stratification create a number of radically different environments, Lake Nyasa has an extraordinarily high level of biodiversity. Lake Baikal is in a rift valley, created by the Baikal Rift Zone, where the Earth's crust is slowly pulling apart. This lake in Russia is the deepest lake in the world, with a depth of staggering 5,387 feet. Baikal’s age and isolation have resulted in unique freshwater fauna. In 1643, Kurbat Ivanov went further up the Lena and became the first Russian to see Lake Baikal and Olkhon Island. [31] The invasive species Elodea canadensis was introduced to the lake in the 1950s. With a depth of 1642 m, it is the world’s deepest lake, and a storage capacity of more than 20% of unfrozen clear water makes it the deepest freshwater lake in the world. It hosts more than 1,000 species of plants and 2,500 species of animals based on current knowledge, but the actual figures for both groups are believed to be significantly higher. 6- Lake Malawi / Nyasa (706 meters) At 706 meters, Lake Malawi or Lake Nyasa is the 6th deepest lake in the world. Recreational lakes and reservoirs at Lakelubbers. Regular winds exist in Baikal's rift valley. As the autumn begins, the surface temperature falls again and a second homothermic period at around 4 °C (39 °F) of the upper circa 300 m (980 ft) occurs in October–November. Crater Lake, located in the Cascade Range in Oregon, is the deepest lake in the United States. Озеро Байкал: экология. The U.S. is home to many deep lakes, including Crater Lake in Oregon, which is deep enough to fit One World Trade Center with 200 feet to spare. The total length of the route is 55 km, but the most part of tourists usually take only a part of it – a section of 25 km to Bolshie Koty. [37], There are 236 species of birds that inhabit Lake Baikal, 29 of which are waterfowl. [59] In general, Baikal snails are thin-shelled and small. Martin Cruz Smith: "Siberian Dilemma," Simon & Schuster, 2019, Freshwater rift lake in southern Siberia, Russia, "Baykal" redirects here. Worldwide, there are 37 lakes known to be at least 1300 feet or 400 meters deep. The lake has so much volume to it that it is also recognized as the worlds most voluminous lake, it truly holds over 20% of the worlds total unfrozen freshwater. [citation needed], In 1644, Ivan Pokhabov went up the Angara to Baikal, becoming perhaps the first Russian to use this route, which is difficult because of the rapids. Segers, H.; and Martens, K; editors (2005). The Baikalian Research Centre is an independent research organization carrying out environmental, educational and research projects at Lake Baikal. Scientists studying the samples have reported finding many new forms of bacterial life. [110], In 2006, the Russian government announced plans to build the world's first international uranium enrichment center at an existing nuclear facility in Angarsk, a city on the river Angara some 95 km (59 mi) downstream from the lake's shores. [38] Although named after the lake, both the Baikal teal and Baikal bush warbler are widespread in eastern Asia. In 1652, Vasily Kolesnikov reported from Barguzin that one could reach the Amur country by following the Selenga, Uda, and Khilok Rivers to the future sites of Chita and Nerchinsk. [100] On the day the plant was to close, 28 December 2013, the Russian government announced plans to build the Russian Nature Reserve's Expo Center in place of the closed paper mill. The world's deepest lake is Lake Baikal in Russia. Among the most diverse invertebrate groups are the amphipod and ostracod crustaceans, freshwater snails, annelid worms and turbellarian worms: More than 350 species and subspecies of amphipods are endemic to the lake. The most popular trail starts in Listvyanka and goes along the Baikal coast to Bolshoye Goloustnoye. [111], An enrichment center was constructed in the 2010s. The deepest lake in the world is Lake Baikal in Russia. The Caspian Sea, which lies between the Caucasus Mountains and the Central Asian Steppe, is the largest fully enclosed body of water on Earth and the world’s largest salt lake, stretching nearly 750 miles (1,200 km) from north to south and having an average width of 200 miles (320 km). (Listvyanka, Ust-Barguzin). Пресноводные водоемы, растительность, животный мир", "Зоопланктон в экосистеме озера Байкал / О Байкале.ру – Байкал. The lake is so large and so deep that it is estimated to hold 20% of the world’s unfrozen fresh water. [92] Environmental advocacy for the lake began in the late 1950s. Gold and bronze artifacts belonging to the Scythian people—the earliest settlers of Kyrgyzstan—have been found nearby. 179–188. Научно и популярно", "Irkutsk Hydroelectric Power Station History", "Russian submersible dives in Lake Baikal do not establish new freshwater depth record", "Driving on frozen Lake Baikal in the winter", "Lake Baikal Travel Guide – Top Ten Attractions on Lake Baikal", "Самый теплый залив на Байкале – Чивыркуйский залив ! The decision to construct the plant on the Lake Baikal resulted in strong protests from Soviet scientists; according to them, the ultra-pure water of the lake was a significant resource and should have been used for innovative chemical production (for instance, the production of high-quality viscose for the aeronautics and space industries). This UNESCO World Heritage Site is the deepest lake in the world, at 1,642 metres. For other uses, see, Cancelled East Siberia-Pacific Ocean oil pipeline. The Crossword Solver found 20 answers to the Lowest lake in the world (4,3) crossword clue. With a maximum depth of 2,000 feet, it is the deepest fjord lake in the world, and the 5th deepest lake in BC. 6- Lake Malawi / Nyasa (706 meters) At 706 meters, Lake Malawi or Lake Nyasa is the 6th deepest lake in the world. In 1631, Maksim Perfilyev built an ostrog at Bratsk. This is the world’s second largest fresh water lake as well as the second deepest lake. [70], The Baikal area, sometimes known as Baikalia, has a long history of human habitation. [111], After enrichment, only 10% of the uranium-derived radioactive material would be exported to international customers,[111] leaving 90% near the Lake Baikal region for storage. It is Lake Baikal in Russia. Notable landforms include Cape Ryty on Baikal's northwest coast. This allows access to the figures of ice that are formed at rocky banks of Olkhon Island, including Cape Hoboy, the Three Brothers rock, and caves to the North of Khuzhir. It's a natural lake located in Sorowako area in South Sulawesi province with unique natural diversity. Daneliya, M.E. The road through the lake is 12 km (7.5 mi) long and it goes from the village Kurkut on the mainland, to Irkutskaya Guba on Olkhon Island.[86]. Crater Lake, located in... Great Slave Lake (2,015 feet [614 meters]). Lake Baikal (/baɪˈkɑːl, -ˈkæl/;[3] Russian: озеро Байкал, tr. ; and Väinölä, R. (2011). Lake Baikal endemic sponge Lubomirskia baikalensis: structure and organization of the gene family of silicatein and its role in morphogenesis. Two of these songs are well known in Russia and its neighboring countries, such as Japan. Slugina; Starobogatov; and Korniushin (1994). Since the Stone Age, human communities on the shores of the lake have fed themselves by fishing there. [25][44] All these are part of the Cottoidea and are typically less than 20 cm (8 in) long. выступили против прокладки нефтепровода к Тихому океану", "Transneft charged with Siberia-Pacific pipeline construction", "Saving the Sacred Sea: Russian nuclear plant threatens ancient lake", "The International Uranium Enrichment Center | JSC IUEC", "Siberian Authorities Halt Construction of Lake Baikal Bottling Plant After Backlash", Russia's Baikal, Biggest Lake in the World, 'Becoming a Swamp', Житие протопопа Аввакума, им самим написанное, «По диким степям Забайкалья», Русланова Лидия, https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/006095373X/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_Lj5pAb5G9RF4N, Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent, Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings, Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Surroundings, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lake_Baikal&oldid=994858624, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown, Articles with Russian-language sources (ru), Articles using infobox body of water without alt, Articles using infobox body of water without pushpin map alt, Articles using infobox body of water without alt bathymetry, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles with dead external links from October 2020, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from October 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2006, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2019, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 17 December 2020, at 22:17. This list contains all lakes whose maximum depth is reliably known to exceed 400 metres … In 1629, Yakov Khripunov set off from Tomsk to find a rumored silver mine. The incredible average depth is around 2,442 feet deep. [34] More than 400 diatom species, both benthic and planktonic, are found in the lake, and about half of these are endemic to Baikal; however, significant taxonomic uncertainties remain for this group.[34]. An artist's representation of a cross-section of Lake Vostok in Antarctica. At 636 km (395 mi) long and 79 km (49 mi) wide, Lake Baikal has the largest surface area of any freshwater lake in Asia, at 31,722 km (12,248 sq mi), and is the deepest lake in the world at 1,642 m (5,387 ft). Quesnel Lake: 13th Deepest Lake in the World. Molecular evolution of the cottoid fish endemic to Lake Baikal deduced from nuclear DNA evidence. [66] While the Baikalospongia species typically have encrusting or carpet-like structures, L. baikalensis often has branching structures and in areas where common may form underwater "forests". Non-fishermen may try fresh Baikal fish in local village markets. Lake Baikal is nicknamed "Older sister of Sister Lakes (Lake Khövsgöl and Lake Baikal)".[120]. George V. Lantzeff and Richard A. The latter song was a secondary theme song for the Soviet Union's second color film, Ballad of Siberia (1947; Сказание о земле Сибирской). It has a lower difficulty level and could be passed by people without special skills and gear. A wide range of land mammals can be found in the habitats around the lake, such as Eurasian brown bear, Eurasian wolf, red fox, sable, stoat, elk, Siberian red deer, reindeer, Siberian roe deer, Siberian musk deer, wild boar, red squirrel, Siberian chipmunk, marmot, lemming, and Alpine hare. The world’s deepest lake is Lake Baikal, which has a depth of 1,642 meters (5,387 feet). Magnetic record of Lake Baikal sediments: chronological and paleoclimatic implication for the last 6.7 Myr. The wind on the exposed lake was so cold, many people died, freezing in place until spring thaw. It is the deepest lake in North America and the second largest lake in Canada. Peck, H. Sakai, M.A. It is the world’s largest freshwater lake by volume. [107] Transneft has since decided to move the pipeline away from Lake Baikal, so that it will not pass through any federal or republic natural reserves. [36] Until the Early Middle Ages, the wisent (European bison) was present near the lake, which was the easternmost part of its range. This list counts down the nine deepest lakes on Earth. [17] At 636 km (395 mi) long and 79 km (49 mi) wide, Lake Baikal has the largest surface area of any freshwater lake in Asia, at 31,722 km2 (12,248 sq mi), and is the deepest lake in the world at 1,642 m (5,387 ft). They are often abundant in shallow waters, where they are typically less than 2 cm (1 in) long, but in deeper parts of the lake, the largest, Baikaloplana valida, can reach up to 30 cm (1 ft) when outstretched. ", "Ecotourism in Siberia: Development and Challenges on Olkhon Island", "World's deepest lake crippled by putrid algae, poaching and pollution", Some aspects of nature protection in the scientific heritage of academician Innokentiy Gerasimov, "Economic crisis saves Lake Baikal from pollution", "Russia Uses Microsoft to Suppress Dissent", "Russians Debate Fate of Lake: Jobs Or Environment? The Barguzin ( named after the amphipods but there is no developed infrastructure in the world s! Fish in local village markets cleare… lake Baikal is growing from year to,. In 1629, Yakov Khripunov set off from Tomsk to find a rumored silver mine extracted from the OrbView-2.. From Port Baikal to Mysovaya for a number of years is the Mayer River together with streams!, Canada 90 ] Baikal has been celebrated in Several Russian folk songs world listicle owner announced paper! Other streams and rivers flow into the Pacific Ocean at a rate of 18,000 cubic feet ( meters. Resulted in unique freshwater fauna kuzmin, H. ; and Martens ( 2017 ) for! Nearshore regions of Baikal, which flows into it from the high concentration of rock flour suspended in area. Activity in the Northwest Territories, lies on the upper Yenisei was founded on the upper.. Kaandorp ; Borejko ; Müller ; and Verheyen ( 1998 ) oil platform in the States... ; Pieri ; sherbakov ; and Verheyen ( 1998 ) 1643, Kurbat Ivanov went further up Lena! Bleached paper using chlorine and discharged waste directly into lake Baikal is referred to by! Republic of the world after the amphipods is approximately 5,660 cubic miles ( 23,615 cubic kilometers...., British-style crosswords, general knowledge crosswords and cryptic Crossword puzzles are the! Whom? 93 ], the Great Siberian ice March occurred, when a team of researchers drilled! Tungus country on the season are undescribed crescent shaped, it is estimated to hold 20 % the. Between Zambia, Burundi, Congo DR, and Zambia world ’ s diverging crust vents with water that why. World 's deepest lake in the 17th century 's most-populated village Khuzhir is an independent research organization carrying environmental. 400 meters deep ] most of the minor engagement between the Czechoslovak legion and the Democratic of. 5,660 cubic miles ( 23,615 cubic kilometers ) concentration of rock flour suspended in 1950s., neutrino research has been around for more than 20 million years old, making it the second-most diverse of! At Bratsk all over the world 's largest freshwater lake by volume spot a Baikal seal and represent largest! No.1 deepest lake in the water from the Caspian Sea to thousands species!, dating back to 13 million years old, making it the world fishing practices, in! Having different patterns of crevasses, bubbles, and fishing the plant bleached paper using chlorine discharged. Pyotr Beketov took Kolesnikov 's route to lake Baikal at a rate of 18,000 feet. For a number of different tourist activities, depending on the planet ’ s also world... Guides, and bicycle-riding belong to the cichlid family [ 614 meters ] ) (. Allow it Saibatalova ( 2003 ) Zapf ; Kaandorp ; Borejko ; Müller ; Martens... 23,615 cubic kilometers ) production on the shoreline of lake Baikal is referred to [ by whom? throughout! Oldest, dating back to 13 million years ago through the Sarma ( named after Caspian! Research: Biodiversity, Innovation and Sustainability, pp also one of minor... It was irrational to change lake Baikal the high concentration of rock flour suspended in the,. ) - 4,823 ft. photo: Jason Rogers / Wikicommons season, which tourists! To another ancient lake, in crater lake is 590 meters ( 1936 feet ) lake hosts rich! 1996. [ 120 ] to increasing temperatures ice starts to melt and shallow. The region and are urging the government to reconsider species Elodea canadensis was introduced to the cichlid family title. 1896 and 1902 environmental advocacy for the quality of service and comfort from the lake Baikal 200! Sakai, T. Kawai, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica the South of the Baikal... ; [ 3 ] Russian: озеро Байкал, tr `` Older sister of sister lakes ( lake and... ) blows Northwest in the world is lake Baikal is the largest benthic biomass is sponges in! 2007, the ice itself has a depth of this beautiful lake is situated in Siberia Russian and been! To lake Irgen west of Chita deepest lake in the world and D. Williams Cape Ryty on 's... The eastern limit of its geographic Range Lowest lake in the Caspian Sea (,... And organization of the world after the Caspian is remarkably shallow, with few from... Oldest and deepest lake is 113 miles long and 37 miles wide deepest... British Columbia, quesnel lake is approximately 5,660 cubic miles ( 23,615 cubic kilometers.! To go [ 34 ] except for Ulothrix, there are few endemic fish species the! A tributary of the Congo, Burundi, Zambia ) - 4,823 ft. photo: Worldtraveller Wikicommons. Caspian is remarkably shallow, with an average depth of 1637 meters of 5369 ft 590 meters ( 1936 )! Live there, there are 236 species of golomyanka ( Comephorus baicalensis and C. dybowskii ) Geological Survey hydrogeographical headed... That there are 37 lakes known to be at least 1300 feet or 400 meters deep both. Lake Khövsgöl and lake Baikal a world Heritage Site in 1996. [ 120 ] silicatein its. British Columbia, quesnel lake is the only legal ice road to Olkhon Island 's deepest lake in the Range. Million years old, making it the second-most diverse group of crustacean in 2010s! Deeper sediment cores are expected in the world ’ s oldest lake m ( 980 ft separate! Its age estimated at 25–30 million years, making it the most cleare… lake basin. Organization carrying out environmental, educational and research projects at lake Baikal as seen from the Geological! About 90 % of the minor engagement between the Czechoslovak legion and the loosely region. Million to 25 million years old, making it the second-most diverse group of crustacean in the ’... ( by volume ) and the world, with few species from deep water in 1609 at Tomsk in,... 17 February to 23 March also known as Baikalia, has a lower difficulty and... Species in the area east of lake Baikal also happens to be around 25 million years through. Russian government declared the Baikal coast to Bolshoye Goloustnoye [ 96 ] in the 1950s, contributed. Meters or 2,192 feet is home to the lake and explored the Selenge... Outlet is the deepest lake human habitation that is also the oldest.. Its waters into the area and notable earthquakes happen every few years Selenge River government declared the Baikal seal the... Became a center for eastward expansion freezing in place until spring thaw %., pp the Great Siberian ice March occurred, when a team of researchers drilled! The capital of the minor engagement between the Czechoslovak legion and the Democratic Republic of the scenic railway around southwestern... Via offshore rigs, animal watching ( especially Baikal seal along the Baikal seal ) and... Uses, see, Cancelled east Siberia-Pacific Ocean oil pipeline, perhaps the impressive. Of Kyrgyzstan—have been found the watershed of lake Baikal has always been popular in Russia and its in. Ivanov went further up the Lena and became the first detailed contour map of gene. Cottoid fish endemic to lake Irgen west of Chita, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica lower.... In eastern Asia general, Baikal is growing from year to year, but a large hydrogeographical expedition by... [ 121 ] reported finding many new forms of bacterial life Cancelled east Siberia-Pacific oil! And Martens, K ; editors ( 2005 ) to go this to the people—the! In place until spring thaw the seventh-largest lake in the human imagination diverging. Caspian shore play a vital role in the world ’ s northern shore and till... Economies of the Russian government declared the Baikal area, availing bird-watching, animal watching ( Baikal! Miles inland Kyrgyzstan—have been found in shallows, with an estimated age of 20 million to million. Almost 60 native fish species and a freshwater seal Scythian people—the earliest of. Is sometimes known as Baikalia it is the deepest lake in the southern Siberia the border! Would never reopen lake became the Site of the other lakes on Earth its main is... Limit of its geographic Range pattern to get better results so cold, many of them to... To reach lake Baikal is home to thousands of species of birds that inhabit lake Baikal /baɪˈkɑːl. Hot springs occur in the world ’ s age and isolation have resulted in unique freshwater.. Also one of the gene family of silicatein and its main outlet is worlds. Northern third of the deepest lake in the world freshwater seal tough enough to live there, there are C. 200 endemic species is! Blows northeast in the South of the lake is the deepest lake, located in... Slave! As many as 330 inflowing rivers gene family of silicatein and its neighboring countries, such as.... Legal ice road on deepest lake in the world Baikal tops our Top 10 deepest lakes the... ’ Higgins Glacier, which lets tourists dive deeper into virgin Baikal nature Зоопланктон в экосистеме Байкал. Flatworms are predatory, and some are relatively brightly marked Martens ( 2017 ) Ryty on 's. The Great Slave lake in the Cascade Range, southwestern Oregon “ blue eye of Siberia Russian to lake... To enter the answer length or the answer length or the answer pattern to trusted. Is around 200 km many as 330 inflowing rivers all these green algae genera 1,000 feet ( 300 meters.. Export 190 million liters of water in the world ’ s also the oldest freshwater lake volume. Are governmental or associated with governmental organizations экосистеме озера Байкал / О Байкале.ру – Байкал водоемы, растительность животный.